维护世界和平，实现中国梦想离不开强大的中国军队

原创 CGTN CGTN

编者按：随着中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的胜利召开，中国未来五年的发展规划已清晰地展现在世人面前。为进一步向世界阐述新时代中国的发展蓝图，CGTN特推出二十大最新思想解读《中国蓝图·世界机遇》系列。此篇为该系列第六篇，主题为“强国强军梦”。

Editor’s note: China has clearly demonstrated its development blueprint for the next five years at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in October, 2022. To further elucidate the plan to the world, CGTN has created the“China Blueprint: Opportunities for the World” series. This is the sixth piece focusing on China’s people’s armed forces.

习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出，人民军队始终是党和人民完全可以信赖的英雄军队，有信心、有能力维护国家主权、统一和领土完整，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供战略支撑，为世界和平与发展作出更大贡献。

Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, pointed out in his report to the 20th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress that “our people’s armed forces are a heroic fighting force that enjoys the full trust of the Party and the people. They have the confidence and the ability to safeguard China’s sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity; the confidence and the ability to provide strategic support for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; and the confidence and the ability to make yet greater contributions to world peace and development.”

党的十八大以来，中国的发展进入新时代，经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的历史性成就，与国家经济社会发展相适应，中国的国防和军队现代化建设也取得了历史性成就。十年来，人民军队坚持新时代强军目标，大刀阔斧深化国防和军队改革，体制一新、结构一新、格局一新、面貌一新，捍卫国家主权和安全的能力显著增强。解放军稳妥高效处置各战略方向突发情况，统筹推进军事斗争准备，有力维护国家主权、安全、发展利益；坚决捍卫领土主权，有效应对侵权挑衅行为，坚决维护国家主权和领土完整。

Since the 18th CPC National Congress held in 2012, China has entered a new era of development. The country’s historic achievements in economic and social development have attracted worldwide attention. Concurrently, China has also made historic achievements in strengthening national defense and modernizing its armed forces. Over the past decade, the people’s army in China has been pursuing the goal of building a strong military for the new era, and China has carried out bold reforms of its national defense and armed forces. With new systems, a new structure, a new configuration, and a new look, the people’s armed forces have become much more capable of defending national sovereignty and security. The People's Liberation Army (PLA) has taken efficient command over its emergency responses and is making overall plans to advance preparations for military struggles, to effectively safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests; to resolutely defend territorial sovereignty; to effectively respond to infringements and provocations; and to resolutely safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity.

为维护世界和平注入强大正能量

A strong positive energy in maintaining world peace

中国是一个具有悠久和平文化传统的东方文明大国。中国坚定不移走和平发展道路。强大的中国军队是维护世界和平发展的坚定力量，是应对全球性挑战的积极贡献者。

China is a great eastern civilization with a long peace-loving culture, and unswervingly follows a path of peaceful development. A strong Chinese military is a staunch force in maintaining world peace and development and an active contributor to addressing global challenges.

从1990年中国首次向联合国停战监督组织派出5名军事观察员开始，32年来，中国军队先后参加25项联合国维和行动，派出官兵近5万人次，有16名官兵献出宝贵生命。中国维和官兵的足迹遍布柬埔寨、刚果（金）、利比里亚、苏丹、黎巴嫩、塞浦路斯、南苏丹、马里、中非等20多个国家和地区，在推进和平解决争端、维护地区安全稳定、促进驻在国经济社会发展等方面作出了重要贡献。

Since 1990, when China sent, for the first time, five military observers to the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), the Chinese military has participated in 25 UN peacekeeping operations over those 32 years, sending nearly 50,000 peacekeepers. 16 of them sacrificed their precious lives in the process. Chinese peacekeepers have left their footprints in over 20 countries and regions including Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Liberia, Sudan, Lebanon, Cyprus, South Sudan, Mali, the Central African Republic, and so on. They have made important contributions in promoting the peaceful settlement of disputes, maintaining regional security and stability, and promoting the economic and social development of the countries where they are deployed.

10年来，中国累计派出42批护航编队赴亚丁湾、索马里海域执行护航和打击海盗任务。

In the past 10 years, China has dispatched 42 naval fleets to the Gulf of Aden and Somali waters to carry out escort and anti-piracy missions.

中国军队还积极参与国际灾难救援并及时提供人道主义援助，先后参加马航MH370失联航班搜救、菲律宾“海燕”台风救援、非洲抗击埃博拉疫情、马尔代夫水荒救援、尼泊尔抗震救灾、老挝水灾溃坝救援等多项行动。中国“和平方舟”号医疗船先后9次走出国门，远赴三大洋六大洲的43个国家和地区，航行24万余海里，为23万余人次提供医疗服务。

The Chinese military has also actively participated in international disaster relief and provided timely humanitarian assistance. It successively participated in the search and rescue of the missing Malaysian Airlines flight MH370, the rescue mission in the wake of Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines, the fight against Ebola in Africa, the mission of tackling water shortages in the Maldives, the earthquake relief in Nepal, and the rescue operations in the flooded areas after a dam collapse in Laos, to name but a few. The Chinese military hospital ship “Peace Ark” has gone abroad nine times to 43 countries and regions in three oceans and six continents, sailing more than 240,000 nautical miles and providing medical services to more than 230,000 people.

迄今为止，中国军队已经与10余个国家的军队建立起稳定的联合训练机制，与30多个国家的军队开展了80余场联演联训。从双边到多边、从周边到远海、从“走出去”到“请进来”，中国军队不断拓展军事交流合作的深度广度。例如，由中国倡导成立的上海合作组织在防务安全领域的合作日益深化，组织的“和平使命”系列演习，为维护地区安全稳定发挥重要作用。

To date, the Chinese military has established stable joint training mechanisms with the armed forces of more than 10 countries, and has carried out more than 80 joint exercises and training sessions with the armed forces of more than 30 countries. From bilateral to multilateral cooperation, from taking exercises in the surrounding areas to carrying out training sessions in distant seas, from going abroad to join exercises to bringing foreign peers to exercises in China’s territory, the Chinese military has continuously expanded the depth and breadth of military exchanges and cooperation. For example, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, established at China’s initiative, has deepened the cooperation among member states in the field of defense and security. The “Peace Mission” counter-terrorism military drills play an important role in maintaining regional security and stability.

履行大国责任需要与经济实力相匹配的军事力量

Fulfilling the responsibilities of a major country requires military capabilities that complements economic strength

世界上任何大国要实现现代化，都必须全面发展国家综合实力，包括与经济实力相辅相成的军事力量。这是有效维护国家安全和发展利益的需要，也是履行大国责任，以强大的战略威慑能力维护世界和平与稳定的必然要求。

For any major country to achieve modernization, it must develop all aspects of its comprehensive national power including its military capabilities that complements its economic strength. That is necessary to effectively safeguard national security and development interests, and is an inevitable precondition for fulfilling the responsibilities of a major country in maintaining world peace and stability.

长期以来，中国的国防支出占国内生产总值的比重远低于世界各国平均水平，占国家财政支出比重和人均国防支出水平更远远低于世界平均水平。尽管这些年中国的国防支出总量随着经济发展有所增长，但自2010年以来，中国军费开支占GDP的比重却一直在下降，中国国防开支从未超过GDP的1.9%。与美国等军事大国相比，中国国防费仍处于较低水平。2020年，美国的国防开支占其GDP的比重为3.7%，世界平均水平为2.6%。中国国防开支总量只相当于美国年度国防开支的1/4多一点，而人均开支和美国相比就更少了。

For a long time, China’s defense spending as a share of GDP has been much lower than the world average; and its share in national fiscal spending and China’s per capita defense spending have been far lower than the world average. But since 2010, China’s military expenditure as a share of GDP has been decreasing, and its defense spending has never exceeded 1.9 percent of GDP. Compared with military powers such as the U.S., China’s defense spending remains at a low level. In 2020, the U.S. spent 3.7 percent of its GDP on defense, while the world average was 2.6 percent. China’s total defense spending is only slightly more than a quarter of the annual defense spending of the U.S., and China’s per capita defense spending is much less compared to that of the U.S.

强国必须强军，军强才能国安。发展与安全是一体的两面，富国与强军是辨证的统一。近年来，中国政府在经济社会持续健康发展的同时，总体保持国防支出合理稳定增长，促进国防实力和经济实力同步提升。中国增加国防费，既是应对复杂安全挑战的需要，也是履行大国责任的需要。

Building a strong country requires a strong military that is fundamental to national security. Development and security are two sides of the same coin, and a prosperous country and a strong army are a dialectical unity. In recent years, the Chinese government has maintained a reasonable and stable growth in defense spending, while maintaining a sustained and healthy economic and social development, with national defense capability and economic strength improving in tandem. The increase in China’s defense spending is necessary not only in meeting complex security challenges, but also in fulfilling its responsibilities as a major country.

习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出，“如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标，加快把人民军队建成世界一流军队，是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的战略要求。”面对世界百年未有之大变局，要实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，中国必须立足国家发展和安全全局，统筹国防和军队建设。这是中国全面建设社会主义现代化国家的必然要求，也是有效遏制和威慑霸权主义、维护世界和平稳定的重要保证。

Achieving the goals for PLA’s centenary in 2027 that entails the development of a world-class modern armed force are crucial tasks towards building a modern socialist country in all respects. In face of the changes unseen in a century, to realize the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, it is imperative that China gives due priorities to comprehensive national development, with national security as a key component, as it charts out plans for strengthening national defense and armed forces. This is an inevitable requirement for China in building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, and it is also an important guarantee to effectively curb and deter hegemony and maintain world peace and stability.

（国防大学习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员赵周贤、刘珂）

(Contributed by Zhao Zhouxian and Liu Ke, research fellows of the Academy of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era at People's Liberation Army National Defence University.）

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