充满韧性的中国经济助推中国式现代化

原创 CGTN CGTN

编者按：随着中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的胜利召开，中国未来五年的发展规划已清晰地展现在世人面前。为进一步向世界阐述新时代中国的发展蓝图，CGTN特推出二十大最新思想解读《中国蓝图·世界机遇》系列。此篇为该系列第四篇，主题为“中国式现代化”。

Editor's note: China has clearly demonstrated its development blueprint for the next five years at the 20th National Congress of Communist Party of China held in October, 2022. To further elucidate the plan to the world, CGTN has created the "China Blueprint: Opportunities for the World" series. This is the fourth piece focusing on the Chinese path to modernization.

从2012年中国共产党第十八次代表大会开始，中国特色社会主义进入新时代。新时代10年，中国提出并贯彻新发展理念，着力推进高质量发展，制定了一系列具有全局性意义的区域重大战略，中国经济实力实现历史性跃升，以经济高质量发展成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化，推动中国迈上全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程。

Since the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress in 2012, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. In the first decade of the new era, China has proposed and applied the new development philosophy and focused on promoting high-quality development. In this process, China has seen historic rise in economic strength. China's success in high-quality economic development underpins and widens the Chinese path to modernization, and puts China on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in all respects.

取得标榜史册的经济建设成就

Economic achievements that will go down in history as a success story

中国经济总量由2012年的54万亿元增长到2021年的114万亿元，占世界经济比重从11.3%增长到18.5%。中国人均GDP从6300美元上升到超过1.2万美元，超过世界人均GDP。作为全球制造业第一大国，中国制造业增加值从17万亿元提升到31.4万亿元，占全球比例从22.5%提高到近30%。

China's economy grew from 54 trillion Chinese yuan (about $7.39 trillion) in 2012 to 114 trillion yuan (about $15.6 trillion) in 2021, with its share of the world economy rising from 11.3 percent to 18.5 percent. China's GDP per capita rose from $6,300 to over $12,000, surpassing the world's GDP per capita. As the world's top manufacturing powerhouse, the added value of China's manufacturing industry increased from 17 trillion yuan (about $2.33 trillion) to 31.4 trillion yuan (about $4.3 trillion), rising to nearly 30 percent of the world's total from 22.5 percent.

2017年至2021年，中国连续五年保持全球货物贸易第一大国的地位。10年间，中国打赢了人类历史上规模最大的脱贫攻坚战，全国832个贫困县全部摘帽，现行标准下近1亿农村贫困人口实现脱贫，960多万贫困人口实现易地搬迁，历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题，为全球减贫事业作出了重大贡献。

From 2017 to 2021, China maintained its position as the world's top trading country in goods for five consecutive years. Over the past decade, China has won the largest battle against poverty in human history, with all 832 poverty-stricken counties in China being lifted out of poverty. Nearly 100 million rural poor people by current standards have walked out of poverty, and more than 9.6 million poor people have been relocated to easy-to-reach areas. China has made historic achievements in solving the problem of absolute poverty, making significant contributions to global poverty reduction.

实现中国经济的高质量发展

Achieving high-quality development of China's economy

新时代的10年里，中国全面贯彻新发展理念，着力推进经济高质量发展。中国将创新作为引领发展的第一动力，深入实施创新驱动战略，创新发展取得新成效，创新型国家建设取得重大进步。世界知识产权组织（WIPO）《2021年全球创新指数报告》显示，中国从2012年的第34位上升到2021年的第12位，十年上升了22位。

In the first decade of the new era, China has fully and faithfully applied the new development philosophy on all fronts and made efforts to promote high-quality economic development. With innovation as the primary driving force for development and extensive measures taken for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, new achievements have been made in innovation-driven development, and major progress has been made in building an innovative country. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Global Innovation Index 2021, China climbed to 12th place in 2021 from 34th in 2012.

中国坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，美丽中国建设成为重大国策，生态环境保护发生历史性变化。2021年，我国单位国内生产总值（GDP）能耗比2012年累计降低26.4%，年均下降3.3%。中国还高度重视共享发展理念，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，消除了绝对贫困现象，全面建成了小康社会，中国人民实现全方位生活改善。

China adheres to the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. Building a beautiful China has become a major national policy, with historic changes in environmental protection endeavors. In 2021, China's energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) was 26.4 percent lower than in 2012, with an average annual decline of 3.3 percent. China also attaches great importance to the concept of shared development, so that the fruits of development can benefit all people in a fairer way. By eliminating absolute poverty, China has built a moderately prosperous society in all respects and improved the lives of the Chinese people on all fronts.

形成富有韧性的经济体系

Building a resilient economic system

全球经济社会进入新的动荡变革期，新时代中国经济发展经受了频繁爆发的外部冲击。2008年全球金融危机余波未了，2018年开始的中美贸易摩擦、2020年爆发持续至今的新冠肺炎疫情和2022年俄乌冲突等一系列重大事件又对中国经济造成新的持续冲击。但在外部冲击频发导致的不确定性上升的情况下，中国经济凭借完整的产业体系、丰富的人力资源、便利的基础设施、强大的国内市场、澎湃的市场活力，彰显出十足的韧性，为世界经济增长贡献强大的动力。

In an increasingly fluid and changing world, China's economic development in the new era has experienced frequent external shocks. In the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis, a series of major events such as the China-U.S. trade frictions that began in 2018, the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 that continues to this day, and the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022 have caused new and sustained shocks to the Chinese economy. Nevertheless, in the face of rising uncertainties caused by frequent external shocks, China's economy has demonstrated strong resilience, thanks to its complete industrial systems, abundant human resources, convenient infrastructures, strong domestic market and massive market dynamism, thereby providing a strong impetus to world economic growth.

2013年至2021年，中国对世界经济增长的平均贡献率超过30%，位居全球第一。面对新冠疫情冲击，中国经济持续展现出强大的韧性和活力。2020年中国GDP增长2.3%，成为疫情下全球唯一实现正增长的主要经济体。2021年中国GDP增长8.1%，在主要经济体中继续名列前茅。即使在今年全球经济增长疲弱、复苏受挫的同时，中国经济依然亮点纷呈。在去年30%高增速的基础上，中国对外贸易今年也取得了可观增长。按美元计价，今年1-8月份，我国进出口总值4.19万亿美元，增长9.5%，中国实际使用外资1384亿美元，增长20.2%。这充分表明，外国投资者持续看好中国市场。在富有韧性的经济体系支撑下，中国经济发展长期向好的局面不会改变。

From 2013 to 2021, China's average contribution to global economic growth exceeds 30 percent, ranking first across the world. Despite the pandemic impact, China's economy has continued to show strong resilience and dynamism. The year 2020 saw China's GDP grow by 2.3 percent, making it the only major economy in the world to achieve positive growth under the pandemic. China's GDP grew by 8.1 percent in 2021, continuing to be among the best-performing major economies. Even amid the global economic slowdown and subdued recovery this year, China's economy remains a bright spot. On top of last year's high growth rate of 30 percent, China's foreign trade has also seen considerable increase this year. In U.S. dollar terms, from January to August this year, the total value of China's imports and exports was $4.19 trillion, up 9.5 percent year-on-year (YoY); China's actual use of foreign capital reached $138.4 billion, up 20.2 percent YoY. This is a good indication that foreign investors continue to be bullish on the Chinese market. With the support of a resilient economic system, the fundamentals sustaining China's long-term sound development will stay unchanged.

习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出，中国式现代化要坚持中国特色社会主义，实现高质量发展，实现全体人民共同富裕。

In his report to the 20th CPC National Congress, Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, pointed out that the essential elements of the Chinese path to modernization include socialism with Chinese characteristics, pursuing high-quality development, and achieving common prosperity for all.

中国经济高质量发展的伟大实践，推进和拓展了中国式现代化。中国以其经济快速发展和社会长期稳定的两大奇迹向世界证明，中国成功地走出了一条中国式现代化。这条道路是基于中国国情做出的，符合历史和人民的正确选择，蕴含着中国人民对走上社会主义现代化的道路自信，更凝聚着中国人民为实现中华民族伟大复兴所积累的理论和实践智慧。

China's admirable practice of high-quality economic development has been underpinning and widening the Chinese path to modernization. With its two major miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, China has proved to the world that it has successfully carved out a path to modernization. This path is opened based on China's national realities and will go down in history as a right choice made for the people. It embodies the confidence of the Chinese people in embarking on the path to socialist modernization, and it also testifies to the theoretical and practical wisdom accumulated by the Chinese people for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

（中国社会科学院经济研究所所长、研究员黄群慧；中国社会科学院经济研究所宏观室主任、研究员汤铎铎）

(Contributed by Huang Qunhui, research fellow and director of the Institute of Economics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Tang Duoduo, research fellow and head of Macroeconomics Section of the Institute of Economics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.）

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