决策者丨印尼担任二十国集团轮值主席国对当前国际形势意义重大

原创 CGTN CGTN

编者按：“决策者”（Decision Makers）是一个全球平台，供决策者分享他们对当今世界重大事件的见解。作者周浩黎是印度尼西亚共和国驻中华人民共和国兼驻蒙古国大使。文章仅代表作者观点，而非本台观点。

Editor's note: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. Djauhari Oratmangun is Indonesian Ambassador to the People's Republic of China and Mongolia. The article reflects the author's views and not necessarily those of CGTN.

随着全球进入新冠肺炎疫情大流行的第三年，印度尼西亚必须齐心协力，引领二十国集团朝着全球复苏的方向发展。

As the world has entered the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesia must combine its determined effort this year to steer the G20 toward a global economic recovery.

二十国集团由全球前二十大经济体组成，其国内生产总值、出口额和人口分别占全球总量的80%、75%和60%。二十多年来，该集团一直发挥着国际经济和金融合作论坛的作用。每年，集团中都会有一个成员国担任论坛主席，负责组织所有协调人渠道、财金渠道和领导人峰会。2021年12月1日，印尼正式接替意大利担任轮值主席国，任期将持续至2022年11月30日。这是印尼作为东南亚最大经济体首次担任主席国，具有里程碑式的意义。

G20, as the group of the world's top 20 major global economies, combines 80 percent of the global GDP, 75 percent of global exports and 60 percent of the world's population. For more than two decades, the G20 has served as an economic forum to discuss issues of international economic and financial cooperation. Each year, one country is selected to chair the forum and organize all sessions of the Sherpa Track, the Financial Track and Summit. On December 1, 2021, the Presidency of G20 was handed over from Italy to Indonesia, and will last until November 30, 2022. This is a historic milestone for the Southeast Asia's largest economy, which holds the G20 for the first time.

印尼政府深知，担任二十国集团主席国意味着重大的责任，在各国面临全球性挑战的当下尤为如此。作为战略性多边经济论坛，二十国集团有望推动并加快全球复苏进程。有鉴于此，印尼提出将“共同复苏，更强复苏”（Recover Together, Recover Stronger）作为此次峰会的主题。我们需要这种同舟共济的精神，在成员国内部营造包容与合作的氛围，以探寻全球可持续复苏的最佳方案。

The Indonesian government is well aware that the opportunity to be the President of the G20 comes with great responsibility, which is even greater, given the current global challenges we face. As a strategic multilateral economic forum, the G20 can drive and accelerate the economic recovery in the world. In light of this, Indonesia has put forward the spirit of "Recover Together, Recover Stronger" as the main theme for its G20 presidency. This spirit of togetherness is what we need to create more inclusiveness and cooperation among G20 members to find the best solution for sustainable global recovery.

在担任主席国期间，印尼将重点关注三个优先事项。第一是全球卫生机制。回顾疫情2020年暴发至今的整个过程，我们不得不承认全球卫生机制的脆弱性。疫情就像敲响了一记警钟，敦促世界各国建立更具韧性的医疗基础设施。如今，高收入国家约80%的人口至少接种了第一剂新冠疫苗。但是，根据世界卫生组织的调查，截至1月13日，有88个组织成员国的疫苗接种率不足40%，其中36个甚至不足10%。为了帮助各国建立更强大有效的公共卫生系统，二十国集团成立了卫生金融联合工作组，以推进疫情准备、预防和响应方面的融资，抗击新冠肺炎疫情。

There are three priorities that Indonesia will focus on during its G20 presidency. The first priority is the global health architecture. Looking back to 2020 when the pandemic broke out and the aftermath that followed, we cannot help but recognize the vulnerability of the global health architecture. The pandemic is a wake-up call for the world to build resilient healthcare infrastructure. Today, about 80 percent of population in high-income countries has received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose. Nonetheless, out of 88 member countries of the World Health Organization, less than 40 percent of their population is vaccinated, and in 36 of them, less than 10 percent, as of January 13. To help countries afford a stronger and better public health system, the G20 also established the Joint Health Financial Task Force to strengthen the Pandemic Preparedness, Prevention and Response Financing to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.

People participate in the third dose of COVID-19 vaccination in Jakarta, Indonesia, July 15, 2022. /CFP

第二个重点是数字化转型。疫情正迫使各国迅速适应数字化技术。数字化已经渗透人们生活的方方面面并成为推动经济增长的一大关键。因此，印尼在主席国任期内，将着手解决数字经济发展不均衡的问题，并促进成员间合作，以创建更具包容性和可持续性的数字经济生态系统。

The other priority is the digital transformation, which is requiring the world to quickly adapt to digitalization. Most aspects of human life have become digitalized and it's helping to drive economic growth. Accordingly, Indonesia's Presidency will address the uneven digital economic landscape and promote cooperation among members to create a more inclusive and sustainable digital economy ecosystem.

第三是能源转型。在全球仍受气候变化困扰的今天，印尼希望二十国集团实现向清洁绿色能源的转型，但同样重要的是推动绿色能源的可负担和可持续性。只有这样才能真正解决气候变化问题并帮助各国实现联合国可持续发展目标。

Another priority is the energy transition. The world is still struggling with climate change, and Indonesia wants the G20 to make the transition to clean and green energy. But green energy has to be affordable and sustainable in order to help countries achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

除了这三个重点领域外，印尼二十国集团财金渠道也确定了需要探讨的六个重要事项：第一，制定疫情后的退出战略，促进经济复苏；第二，应对疫情带来的疤痕效应，确保未来增长；第三，数字时代的支付系统；第四，可持续金融；第五，主流化数字融资；第六，国际税收。

Additionally, the Indonesian G20 Finance Track announced six priorities to be discussed: (I) exit strategy to support recovery, (II) addressing the scar effect to ensure future growth, (III) payment system in the digital age, (IV) sustainable finance, (V) mainstreaming digital financing, and (VI) international taxation.

自2021年12月接任轮值主席国到2022年11月二十国集团峰会召开期间，印尼已经组织了180多场会议和活动。

As the host country, Indonesia has organized more than 180 meetings and activities planned from December 2021 until the G20 Summit in November 2022.

佐科·维多多总统始终强调，二十国集团的动力并不在于印尼主办一场大型活动。此外，我们的工作也不应仅侧重于政策制定，还应着眼于取得实实在在的成果，尤其是能够惠及广大发展中国家的成果。

Over time, President Joko Widodo emphasized that the G20 momentum is not about Indonesia hosting a big event. Furthermore, our efforts should not only focus on policy formulation, but on delivering tangible results that can benefit developing countries.

担任二十国集团轮值主席国让印尼成为了国际关注的焦点，尤其是在经济和金融领域。印尼是东盟国家中唯一的二十国集团成员，这让印尼能够向世界展现其领导力和韧性，也为后疫情时代国内外经济信心的恢复铺垫了道路。

The G20 Presidency puts Indonesia at the center of international attention, especially in the areas of economics and finance. As the only G20 member among ASEAN countries, Indonesia can demonstrate to the world its leadership and resilience, and to provide a starting point for restoring economic confidence after the pandemic both at home and abroad.

没有各成员国的支持，二十国集团不可能取得成功。因此，印尼倡导各国加强合作并关注中低收入发展中国家所关心的问题。

The G20 cannot succeed without support from others. Indonesia will advocate for greater cooperation and raise the concerns of the developing, low and middle-income countries.

印尼将在巴厘岛举办二十国集团峰会。此时此刻，全球挑战比以往任何时候都更加复杂。但我想在这里重申我对外交部亚洲司司长刘劲松及其同仁说过的话：“树越高，风越大。”尽管面临种种挑战，我相信印尼一定能够证明自己的能力，在未来几天成功举办一届富有成效的二十国集团峰会。

Indonesia will host the G20 Summit in Bali at a time when global challenges are more complex than ever. But I would like to reiterate here what I told my Chinese counterparts at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, "The taller the tree, the stronger the wind." Despite these challenges, I am certain that Indonesia can demonstrate its ability to host a successful and fruitful G20 Summit in the next couple of days.

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