VOA慢速：什么是邻避症候群？
欢迎来到今天的VOA慢速专区。
今天为大家带来一篇英语学习文章。
And now, Words and Their Stories, from VOA Learning English.
现在是美国之音慢速英语《词汇掌故》节目。
Today, we are going to talk about the idea of community and neighborhoods.
今天，我们要谈谈社区和邻里的概念。
Where we live can make a difference in our happiness.
我们居住的地方会影响我们的幸福感。
Some people love their neighborhoods just the way they are.
有些人喜欢他们的社区本来的样子。
They do not want them to change.
他们不希望改变社区。
For example, let's say a city council decides that they want to build a big waste treatment plant into a quiet, beautiful neighborhood.
比如，假设市议会决定要在一个安静美丽的社区里建一个大型垃圾处理厂。
A waste treatment plant would be loud.
垃圾处理厂的声音会很大。
It would bring lots of big trucks through the neighborhood streets.
它将使许多大卡车穿过附近的街道。
And it would probably smell bad.
而且可能会很难闻。
All these things could lower the quality of living and the property value of the neighborhood's houses.
所有这些都可能降低生活质量和社区房屋的资产价值。
So, people in the neighborhood hold protests.
所以，附近的人们举行了抗议活动。
They collect signatures to show the city council that the neighbors do not want the waste treatment plant in their neighborhood.
他们收集签名向市议会表明，邻居们不希望垃圾处理厂建在他们的社区里。
They know the plant is necessary.
他们知道这种处理厂是必要的。
But they want it built somewhere else – not near their homes.
但他们希望把它建在别的地方——而不是在自家附近。
And that brings us to our word for today: NIMBY.
这就引出了我们今天的单词：NIMBY（邻避症候群）。
NIMBY is an acronym.
NIMBY是一个缩略词。
It stands for: Not In My Backyard.
它的意思是：Not In My Backyard“不要（兴建）在我（家）的后院”。
Usually the word "backyard" means the area behind a house.
通常“backyard”这个词指的是房子后面的区域。
But in this case, it means the whole neighborhood.
但在这里，它指的是整个社区。
If you look it up on the internet,
如果你在网上查一下，
NIMBY describes an opposition to putting something considered undesirable in one's own neighborhood.
NIMBY是指反对把不受欢迎的东西放在自己的社区里。
When describing a person,
当描述一个人时，
a NIMBY is someone who opposes some form of new development in their community or neighborhood.
NIMBY是指那些反对社区新发展的人。
Their way of thinking is sometimes called NIMBYism.
他们的思维方式有时被称为邻避主义。
Now, our first example was a waste treatment plant.
现在，我们的第一个例子是一个垃圾处理厂。
But many other facilities can bring out a person's inner NIMBY -- for example, prisons.
但许多其他设施也能激发出一个人内心的邻避情绪，比如监狱。
They may be necessary, but they are not desirable to some people.
它们的存在可能是必要的，但有些人不喜欢。
Some may think that they could bring unwanted problems to their neighborhood, like crime.
有些人可能认为这会给他们的社区带来不必要的问题，比如犯罪。
But a person may be a NIMBY to other kinds of development too – like big stores or sports stadiums.
但是一个人也可能是其他发展项目的邻避者，比如大商店或体育场馆。
They may bring business to a city,
他们可能会给城市带来生意，
but they also bring more traffic and noise to the neighborhood they're in.
但也会给他们所在的社区带来更多的交通和噪音。
For example, let's say a brand-new food store is coming to your neighborhood.
例如，假设一家全新的食品店即将入驻你的社区。
You are very happy.
你很高兴。
Finally, you won't have to go far to buy food!
这样，你不用走远就能买到食物！
But some of your neighbors do not share your happiness.
但是你的一些邻居并没有像你一样快乐。
They fear the new store will bring many more people, many more cars, and big trucks to their quiet streets.
他们担心新店会把更多的人、更多的汽车和大卡车带到他们安静的街道上。
They may not be able to park their cars easily.
他们可能会面临停车问题。
So, they try to stop the development from happening.
所以，他们试图阻止这件事的发生。
Maybe we all have a little NIMBY in us.
也许我们都有一点邻避心理。
Maybe we do not know it until our city wants to build a trash processor next to our home.
也许直到我们的城市想要在我们的家旁边建一个垃圾处理厂，我们才知道这一点。
Now let's hear NIMBY used at this neighborhood party.
现在我们来听听NIMBY在邻里派对上是如何使用的吧。
A: Hey did you hear?
A：嘿，你听说了吗?
They city council is voting on the new trash treatment facility tomorrow.
市议会明天将就新的垃圾处理设施进行投票。
B: I know. And I will be there with about 50 neighbors to protest.
B：我知道。我会和大约50个邻居一起去抗议。
A: Oh, are they thinking of building it in your neighborhood?
A：哦，他们打算在你家附近建吗?
B: Yes. And it just doesn't make sense!
B：是的。这根本说不通！
A: Are you sure this isn't just a NIMBY reaction?
A：你确定这不是邻避反应吗?
B: Maybe a little.
B：可能有一点吧。
But it really WOULD be cheaper to build it in another part of town.
但在城市的另一个地方建会更便宜。
A: And what part of town would that be?
A：那是在城市的哪个区域?
B: Near the railroad tracks. Nobody lives around it.
B：在铁路附近。那儿周围没有人住。
Plus, that location already has an old trash treatment plant.
另外，那个地方已经有一个旧垃圾处理厂了。
That will save a ton of money.
那会省下一大笔钱。
A: Those are actually pretty good reasons.
A：这些都是很好的理由。
B: Yeah, I figured if we didn't bring some good reasons to the fight … we would just sound like big NIMBYs.
B：是啊，我想如果我们不拿出一些正当的理由来争辩，我们听起来就会像个大“邻避主义者”。
A: Now you sound just like little NIMBYs.
A：现在你们听起来就像小“邻避主义者”。
B: I can live with that.
B：我可以接受。
And that's all the time we have for this Words and Their Stories.
以上就是本期《词汇掌故》的全部内容。
Until next time…I'm Anna Matteo.
下期节目见…我是安娜·马泰奥。
这里是 美国之音 频道