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5．Enhancing the political and organizational functions of Party organizations
严密的组织体系是党的优势所在、力量所在。
The Party’s advantages and strength lie in its close-knit organizational system.
close-knit
close-knit /ˌkləʊsˈnɪt/ 表示“关系紧密的；紧密团结的；组织严密的”，英文解释为“If a group of people are close-knit, they all help and support each other.”如：a close-knit family/community 融洽的一家人/关系紧密的社区。
各级党组织要履行党章赋予的各项职责，把党的路线方针政策和党中央决策部署贯彻落实好，把各领域广大群众组织凝聚好。
Party organizations at all levels must perform the duties prescribed to them by the Party Constitution, implement the Party’s lines, principles, and policies and the Central Committee’s decisions and plans, and effectively organize and rally people from all walks of life.
prescribe
1) 表示“开（药、处方）”，英文解释为“If a doctor prescribes medicine or treatment for you, he or she tells you what medicine or treatment to have.”举个🌰：
The physician examines the patient then diagnoses the disease and prescribes medication. 内科医生检查了病人，然后对疾病作出诊断，并开出药方。
2) 表示“规定”，英文解释为“If a person or set of laws or rules prescribes an action or duty, they state that it must be carried out.”，如：Article II of the constitution, which prescribes the method of electing a president 规定总统选举办法的宪法第二条。
📍prescriptions 处方药；处方
rally
1）表示“召集；集合”，英文解释为“to come together or bring people together in order to help or support sb/sth”举个🌰：
Many national newspapers rallied to his support. 许多全国性报纸一致对他表示支持。
2）表示“恢复；复原；重新振作”，英文解释为“to return to a better condition”举个🌰：
The team played badly in the first half of the game but rallied in the second. 球队在上半场比赛中表现很糟糕，但在下半场重整旗鼓，表现很好。
walk of life
表示“各行各业；各个社会阶层”，英文解释为“When people talk about walk(s) of life, they are referring to different types of jobs and different levels of society.”举个🌰：
Members of the gym include lawyers, teachers, plumbers, and hairdressers - people from all (different) walks of life. 我们这个俱乐部里有律师，有教师，有建筑工人，有理发师——各行各业的人都有。
坚持大抓基层的鲜明导向，抓党建促乡村振兴，加强城市社区党建工作，
In strengthening Party organizations, we need to keep a clear focus on the primary level, using Party building initiatives to propel rural revitalization and intensifying Party-building efforts in urban communities.
propel
表示“推动；驱动；推进”，英文解释为“To propel something in a particular direction means to cause it to move in that direction.”举个🌰：
The tiny rocket is attached to the spacecraft and is designed to propel it toward Mars. 微型火箭附在宇宙飞船上，用来推进飞船飞向火星。
The film propelled him to international stardom. 这部电影使他成为了国际巨星。
intensify
表示“加强，增强；强化”，英文解释为“to become greater, more serious, or more extreme, or to make something do this”举个🌰：
I jump, intensifying the pain in all my muscles. 我跳起来，浑身的肌肉更加疼痛了。
推进以党建引领基层治理，持续整顿软弱涣散基层党组织，把基层党组织建设成为有效实现党的领导的坚强战斗堡垒。
We will guide community-level governance through Party building, keep working to strengthen weak and lax Party organizations at the primary level, and see that primary-level Party organizations play a key role in ensuring the exercise of the Party’s leadership.
lax
lax /læks/ 表示“不严格的；不严厉的；松散的，马虎的”，英文解释为“not severe or strong enough”举个🌰：
He took a gun through baggage control to highlight the lax security. 他携带一把枪通过了行李检查，以此引起大家对安全管理松懈这一问题的重视。
全面提高机关党建质量，推进事业单位党建工作。
Party building will be improved across the board in Party and state offices and will be advanced in public institutions.
推进国有企业、金融企业在完善公司治理中加强党的领导，
We will make sure that Party leadership in SOEs and financial firms is strengthened in the process of their improvements to corporate governance.
加强混合所有制企业、非公有制企业党建工作，
Party building will also be stepped up in mixed-ownership and non-public enterprises.
理顺行业协会、学会、商会党建工作管理体制。
The management systems for Party building in trade associations, academic societies, and chambers of commerce will be improved.
chamber of commerce
表示“商会”，英文解释为“an organization consisting of people in business, who work together to improve business in their town or local area”，注意复数是chambers of commerce.
加强新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体党的建设。
Party building efforts will also be enhanced in new types of economic and social organizations and among groups in new forms of employment.
注重从青年和产业工人、农民、知识分子中发展党员，
We will pay particular attention to recruiting young people, industrial workers, farmers, and intellectuals into the Party.
加强和改进党员特别是流动党员教育管理。
Training and management will be improved for Party members, especially those among floating populations.
floating
floating /ˈfləʊ.tɪŋ/ 表示“流动的；浮动的”，英文解释为“not fixed in one position, place, or level”举个🌰：
The city has a large floating population (= people who move around a lot). 这座城市有大量的流动人口。
落实党内民主制度，保障党员权利，激励党员发挥先锋模范作用。
We will implement the systems for intraparty democracy, protect Party members’ rights, and motivate them to become role models.
严肃稳妥处置不合格党员，保持党员队伍先进性和纯洁性。
At the same time, we must earnestly and prudently handle Party members who do not measure up to standards so as to preserve our Party membership’s advanced nature and integrity.
earnestly
表示“严肃地；认真地；诚挚地”，英文解释为“in a serious and determined way, often without humour”
prudently
prudently /ˈpruː.dənt.li/ 表示“谨慎地；精明地”，英文解释为“in a way that is careful and avoids risks”举个🌰：
The company acted prudently and responsibly. 这家公司做事小心负责。
（六）坚持以严的基调强化正风肃纪。
6. Taking strict steps to improve Party conduct and enforce Party discipline
党风问题关系执政党的生死存亡。
Good conduct is critical to the survival of a governing party.
弘扬党的光荣传统和优良作风，
We must carry forward the proud traditions and venerable conduct of the Party.
venerable
venerable /ˈven.ər.ə.bəl/ 表示“德高望重的；令人尊敬的；崇高神圣的”，英文解释为“deserving respect because of age, high position, or religious or historical importance”如：a venerable tradition/company/family 备受推崇的传统/久负盛名的公司/德高望重的家族。
促进党员干部特别是领导干部带头深入调查研究，扑下身子干实事、谋实招、求实效。
In doing so, we will encourage Party officials, especially leading officials, to take the lead in conducting in-depth research and studies and to immerse themselves in hard work, take concrete measures, and deliver solid outcomes.
immerse
immerse /ɪˈmɜːs/ yourself in sth 表示“（使）深陷于，沉浸在”，英文解释为“to become or make sb completely involved in sth”举个🌰：
She immersed herself in her work. 她埋头工作。
锲而不舍落实中央八项规定精神，抓住“关键少数”以上率下，
We will steadfastly implement the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving conduct and see that leading officials, or the “key few,” set an example for those below them.
steadfastly
steadfastly /ˈsted.fɑːst.li/ 表示“坚定地；不动摇地”，英文解释为“strongly and without stopping”举个🌰：
She was steadfastly in support of women's rights. 她坚定不移地支持女性权益。
持续深化纠治“四风"，重点纠治形式主义、官僚主义，
We will continue to tackle pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, with a focus on the first two.
hedonism
hedonism /ˈhed.ən.ɪ.zəm/ 表示“享乐主义”，英文解释为“living and behaving in ways that mean you get as much pleasure out of life as possible, according to the belief that the most important thing in life is to enjoy yourself”
extravagance
extravagance /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡəns/ 表示“奢侈，铺张”，英文解释为“behaviour in which you spend more money than you need to”举个🌰：
I think she was shocked by my extravagance. 我想，我太铺张了，她一定感到很震惊。
坚决破除特权思想和特权行为。
We will resolutely root out privilege-seeking mindsets and behavior.
把握作风建设地区性、行业性、阶段性特点，抓住普遍发生、反复出现的问题深化整治，推进作风建设常态化长效化。
In improving Party conduct, we will identify problems specific to certain areas, sectors, and periods of time, go to great lengths to tackle prevalent and recurrent problems, and make consistent and sustained efforts.
prevalent
表示“盛行的；普遍存在的”，英文解释为“A condition, practice, or belief that is prevalent is common.”举个🌰：
This condition is more prevalent in women than in men. 这种情况在女性中比在男性中更为普遍。
🎬电影《感谢你抽烟》（Thank you for smoking）中的台词提到：The health issue's way too prevalent. 健康问题太普遍了。
对比：
📍pervasive表示“到处存在的，到处弥漫着的，遍布的”，英文解释为“Something, especially something bad, that is pervasive is present or felt throughout a place or thing.”如：the pervasive influence of mobile phones in daily life 手机在日常生活中无处不在的影响。
sustained
1）表示“持续的，持久的”，英文解释为“continuing for a long time”举个🌰：
His speech was greeted by sustained applause. 他的演讲博得了经久不息的掌声。
2）表示“坚定的，坚持不懈的”（determined），2020年政府工作报告中的例句：持续打造市场化、法治化、国际化营商环境 make sustained efforts to create a market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized business environment.
全面加强党的纪律建设，
We must make all-around efforts to tighten Party discipline.
督促领导干部特别是高级干部严于律己、严负其责、严管所辖，
We will urge leading officials, especially high-ranking ones, to be strict with themselves, earnestly fulfill their responsibilities, and conduct rigorous management within their jurisdictions.
rigorous
2）表示“严格的，严厉的”，英文解释为“controlling behaviour in a severe way”如：the rigorous controls governing the sale of shares 对管理股权出售进行的严格控制。
对违反党纪的问题，发现一起坚决查处一起。
Regarding violations of Party discipline, each and every infraction identified must be strictly investigated and handled.
infraction
infraction /ɪnˈfræk.ʃən/ 表示“违规行为；违法行为”，英文解释为“an occasion when someone breaks a rule or law”举个🌰：
Any attempt to influence the judges will be seen as an infraction of the rules. 任何影响法官执法的企图都将被看作是违法行为。
坚持党性党风党纪一起抓，
We will work in concert to enhance Party consciousness, improve Party conduct, and tighten Party discipline.
in concert
表示“共同，一起；一致”，英文解释为“together”举个🌰：
If the member countries would act in concert, the problem might be solved more easily. 如果成员国行动一致，这个问题可能会更容易解决。
📍concert本身表示「音乐会」，in conert还可以指“（一同）演出”，英文解释为“playing or singing with other musicians in a public performance”举个🌰：
She was appearing in concert at Carnegie Hall. 她参加了在卡耐基音乐厅的演出。
从思想上固本培元，提高党性觉悟，增强拒腐防变能力，
This will enable Party members to maintain firm ideals and convictions, enhance their Party consciousness, and bolster their resistance to corruption and moral decline.
conviction
1）表示“坚定的看法；坚定的信念；坚定的信仰”，英文解释为“a strong opinion or belief”如：a deep/strong/lifelong conviction 深深的/坚定的/终生的信仰。
2）表示“定罪，判罪”，英文解释为“the fact of officially being found to be guilty of a particular crime, or the act of officially finding someone guilty”举个🌰：
Since it was her first conviction for stealing, she was given a less severe sentence.
由于她是初次犯盗窃罪，对她的量刑不是很重。
🎬电影《玉子》（Okja）中的台词提到：I admire your conviction, Silver, 我敬佩你的决心。
bolster
bolster /ˈbəʊl.stər/ 表示“支撑；加固；提高；改善；加强”，英文解释为“to improve sth or make it stronger”，如：to bolster sb's confidence/courage/morale 增加某人的信心/勇气/士气，举个🌰：
Hopes of an early cut in interest rates bolstered confidence. 提前降低利率的希望增强了信心。
🎬电影《塞尔拉·伯格斯是废柴》（Sierra Burgess Is a Loser）中的台词提到：I was wondering if you had any suggestions on how to bolster my resume. 想问问 对提升我的简历你有没有什么意见？
涵养富贵不能淫、贫贱不能移、威武不能屈的浩然正气。
We will foster within our Party members an inner strength to never be corrupted by wealth or power, never deviate from principle even in poverty or humble positions, and never yield to the threat of force.
deviate
deviate /ˈdiːvɪˌeɪt/意思是“背离，偏离，违背；脱离；出格，违背规则”，英文解释为“to change what you are doing so that you are not following an expected plan, idea, or type of behaviour”，通常用法是deviate from ...，如：飞机偏离正常航线 deviate from its normal flight path；完全背离了媒体职业道德 completely deviate from professional media ethics.
yield
1）表示“出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）；提供”，英文解释为“to produce or provide sth, for example a profit, result or crop”举个🌰：
Higher-rate deposit accounts yield good returns. 高利率的存款会产生丰厚的收益。
2）yield /jiːld/ 表示“（常指被迫）放弃，让出”，英文解释为“to give up the control of or responsibility for something, often because you have been forced to”举个🌰：
Despite renewed pressure to give up the occupied territory, they will not yield. 尽管有新的压力要求放弃被占领的土地，他们就是不愿屈服。
（七）坚决打赢反腐败斗争攻坚战持久战。
7. Winning the tough and protracted battle against corruption
protracted
protracted /prəˈtræk.tɪd/ 表示“持久的；延长的；拖延的”，英文解释为“lasting for a long time or made to last longer than necessary”如：protracted negotiations 持久的谈判。
腐败是危害党的生命力和战斗力的最大毒瘤，反腐败是最彻底的自我革命。
Corruption is a cancer to the vitality and ability of the Party, and fighting corruption is the most thorough kind of self-reform there is.
只要存在腐败问题产生的土壤和条件，反腐败斗争就一刻不能停，必须永远吹冲锋号。
As long as the breeding grounds and conditions for corruption still exist, we must keep sounding the bugle and never rest, not even for a minute, in our fight against corruption.
breeding ground
1）表示“（动物的）繁殖地”，英文解释为“a place where animals breed and produce their babies”举个🌰：
These animals always return to the same breeding ground. 这些动物总是回到同一个地方繁殖。
2）表示“（尤指坏事的）滋生地”，英文解释为“a place where something develops easily, especially something unpleasant”举个🌰：
Poor housing conditions are breeding grounds for crime. 糟糕的居住环境滋生犯罪。
bugle
bugle /ˈbjuː.ɡəl/ 表示“号角；（尤指）军号”，英文解释为“a musical instrument like a simple trumpet, used especially in the army”
坚持不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐一体推进，同时发力、同向发力、综合发力。
We will continue to take simultaneous, coordinated, and comprehensive steps to ensure that officials do not have the audacity, opportunity, or desire to become corrupt.
simultaneous
simultaneous /ˌsɪm.əlˈteɪ.ni.əs/ 表示“同时的”，英文解释为“happening or being done at exactly the same time”举个🌰：
There were several simultaneous explosions in different cities. 几起爆炸在几个不同的城市同时发生。
audacity
audacity /ɔːˈdæs.ə.ti/ 表示“大胆；勇气”，英文解释为“courage or confidence of a kind that other people find shocking or rude”举个🌰：
It took a lot of audacity to stand up and criticize her. 站出来批评她需要很大的勇气。
以零容忍态度反腐惩恶，更加有力遏制增量，更加有效清除存量，
We must show zero tolerance in opposing corruption and punishing wrongdoing, and we must take more forceful action to both prevent new cases and root out existing ones.
wrongdoing
坚决查处政治问题和经济问题交织的腐败，坚决防止领导干部成为利益集团和权势团体的代言人、代理人，坚决治理政商勾连破坏政治生态和经济发展环境问题，决不姑息。
We will investigate and deal with corruption that involves both political and economic elements, resolutely prevent leading officials from acting for any interest group or power group, and crack down on any collusion between officials and businesspeople that undermines the political ecosystem or economic development. There must be no mercy for corruption.
collusion
表示“密谋；勾结；串通”，英文解释为“secret agreement especially in order to do sth dishonest or to trick people”举个🌰：
The police were corrupt and were operating in collusion with the drug dealers. 警察腐败，与那伙毒品贩子内外勾结。
undermine
表示“（常指逐渐地）削弱信心、权威等，损害”，英文解释为“to make someone less confident, less powerful, or less likely to succeed, or to make something weaker, often gradually”举个🌰：
Criticism just undermines their confidence. 批评只是削弱了他们的信心。
深化整治权力集中、资金密集、资源富集领域的腐败，
We will intensify efforts to uproot corruption in sectors with a high concentration of power, funds, and resources.
uproot
uproot /ʌpˈruːt/ 表示“根除，将…连根拔起”，英文解释为“to pull a plant including its roots out of the ground”举个🌰：
Hundreds of mature trees were uprooted in the storm. 数百棵大树在风暴中被连根拔起。
坚决惩治群众身边的“蝇贪”，
Firm action will be taken to swat “flies,” or corrupt low-ranking officials, whose misconduct directly affects people’s lives.
swat
swat /swɒt/ 表示“击打，拍打（尤指昆虫）”，英文解释为“to hit something, especially an insect, with a flat object or your hand”举个🌰：
I swatted the fly with a rolled-up newspaper. 我用一张卷起的报纸拍那只苍蝇。
严肃查处领导干部配偶、子女及其配偶等亲属和身边工作人员利用影响力谋私贪腐问题，
We will strictly investigate and handle cases of corruption where leading officials’ spouses, children, children’s spouses, other relatives, or staff use their influence to seek personal gain.
spouse
表示“配偶”，英文解释为“a person's husband or wife”举个🌰：
In 60 percent of the households surveyed both spouses went out to work. 在60%的被调查家庭中，夫妻双方都外出工作。
坚持受贿行贿一起查，惩治新型腐败和隐性腐败。
We will punish both bribe takers and givers and combat new and disguised forms of corruption.
bribe
可作动词也可以作名词，表示“贿赂”，英文解释为“money or a present that you give to someone so that they will do something for you, usually something dishonest”，收受贿赂 accept bribes/ take bribes，举个🌰：
He was accused of accepting/taking bribes from wealthy businessmen. 他被指控收受富商们的贿赂。
disguise
表示“给…化装，给…乔装打扮；将…伪装起来”，英文解释为“to give a new appearance to a person or thing, especially in order to hide its true form”举个🌰：
He disguised himself by wearing a false beard. 他粘上假胡须伪装自己。
深化反腐败国际合作，一体构建追逃防逃追赃机制。
We will deepen international cooperation to combat corruption and establish an integrated mechanism for pursuing fugitives, preventing escape, and retrieving stolen assets.
fugitive
表示“（通常为避免被警察抓住的）逃避者”，英文解释为“A fugitive is someone who is running away or hiding, usually in order to avoid being caught by the police.”举个🌰：
He was a fugitive from justice. 他是一名逃避司法的人。
深化标本兼治，推进反腐败国家立法，加强新时代廉洁文化建设，
To address both the symptoms and root causes of corruption, we will advance national anti-corruption legislation and promote a culture of integrity in the new era.
教育引导广大党员、干部增强不想腐的自觉，清清白白做人、干干净净做事，
We will provide education and guidance aimed at strengthening the vigilance of Party members and officials so that they have no desire to engage in corruption and so they live and work with honesty and integrity.
vigilance
vigilance /ˈvɪdʒ.əl.əns/ 表示“警觉；警戒；警惕”，英文解释为“more careful attention, especially in order to notice possible danger”举个🌰：
He said that it was thanks to the vigilance of a neighbour that the fire was discovered before it could spread. 他说多亏了一位邻居警觉才在火灾蔓延之前发现了火情。
使严厉惩治、规范权力、教育引导紧密结合、协调联动，不断取得更多制度性成果和更大治理效能。
We will closely integrate and coordinate harsh punishment, regulation over the exercise of power, and education and guidance, so as to continually secure more institutional achievements and greater efficiency in fighting corruption.
harsh
1）表示“令人不快的；严酷的；（无端地）严厉的”，英文解释为“unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary”如：harsh criticism 严厉的批评。
2）表示“刺眼的；刺耳的；过于强烈的”，英文解释为“too strong, bright, loud, etc.”如：harsh lighting 刺眼的光线。
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「重点归纳」
Party organizations at all levels
党章
the Party Constitution
党的路线方针政策
the Party’s lines, principles, and policies
（党）中央决策部署
the Central Committee’s decisions and plans
各领域广大群众
people from all walks of life
抓党建促乡村振兴
using Party building initiatives to propel rural revitalization
城市社区党建工作
Party-building efforts in urban communities
党建
Party building
整顿软弱涣散基层党组织
strengthen weak and lax Party organizations at the primary level
事业单位
public institutions
国有企业
SOEs
金融企业
financial firms
公司治理
corporate governance
所有制企业、非公有制企业
mixed-ownership and non-public enterprises
行业协会
trade associations
学会
academic societies
商会
chambers of commerce
党建工作管理体制
The management systems for Party building
新经济组织、新社会组织
new types of economic and social organizations
新就业群体
groups in new forms of employment
产业工人
industrial workers
党内民主制度
the systems for intraparty democracy
发挥先锋模范作用
become role models
不合格党员
Party members who do not measure up to standards
严肃稳妥
earnestly and prudently
党员队伍先进性和纯洁性
Party membership’s advanced nature and integrity
党的光荣传统和优良作风
the proud traditions and venerable conduct of the Party
党员干部
Party officials
领导干部
leading officials
带头
take the lead
扑下身子干实事
immerse themselves in hard work
谋实招
take concrete measures
求实效
deliver solid outcomes
中央八项规定精神
the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving conduct
纠治“四风"
tackle pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance
破除特权思想和特权行为
root out privilege-seeking mindsets and behavior
普遍发生、反复出现的问题
prevalent and recurrent problems
常态化长效化
make consistent and sustained efforts
严于律己、严负其责、严管所辖
be strict with themselves, earnestly fulfill their responsibilities, and conduct rigorous management within their jurisdictions
发现一起坚决查处一起
each and every infraction identified must be strictly investigated and handled
党性
Party consciousness
党风
Party conduct
党纪
Party discipline
从思想上固本培元
maintain firm ideals and convictions
富贵不能淫、贫贱不能移、威武不能屈
never be corrupted by wealth or power, never deviate from principle even in poverty or humble positions, and never yield to the threat of force
反腐败斗争攻坚战持久战
the tough and protracted battle against corruption
永远吹冲锋号
keep sounding the bugle
一刻不能停
never rest, not even for a minute
同时发力、同向发力、综合发力
take simultaneous, coordinated, and comprehensive steps to
不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐
do not have the audacity, opportunity, or desire to become corrupt
零容忍
zero tolerance
反腐惩恶
opposing corruption and punishing wrongdoing
遏制增量
prevent new cases
清除存量
root out existing ones
政治问题和经济问题交织的腐败
corruption that involves both political and economic elements
利益集团
interest group
权势团体
power group
政商勾连
collusion between officials and businesspeople
决不姑息
There must be no mercy
权力集中、资金密集、资源富集领域的腐败
corruption in sectors with a high concentration of power, funds, and resources
领导干部配偶、子女及其配偶等亲属和身边工作人员
leading officials’ spouses, children, children’s spouses, other relatives, or staff
受贿行贿
bribe takers and givers
新型腐败和隐性腐败
new and disguised forms of corruption
追逃防逃追赃
pursuing fugitives, preventing escape, and retrieving stolen assets
标本兼治
address both the symptoms and root causes
廉洁文化
a culture of integrity
清清白白做人、干干净净做事
live and work with honesty and integrity
严厉惩治、规范权力、教育引导
harsh punishment, regulation over the exercise of power, and education and guidance
取得更多制度性成果
secure more institutional achievements
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