·DRD4基因在不同人群中的表现有差异,最常见的是4R版本,大约65%的人都携带此基因。7R+基因型在东亚和南亚人群中很少见,在20%以下。而在美洲、东南亚则很常见,部分地区甚至可达45%。
·不论是一夫一妻制,还是多妻或者多夫制,从进化论的角度来看,都是物种为了繁衍,而选择的生存策略。纵观自然界,只有人类和极少数动物如长臂猿、鸟类等保持着一夫一妻制。但学者也发现,即使在这些一夫一妻制的动物中,不忠行为也十分广泛。因此一些学者认为:一夫一妻制是人类最基本的繁衍策略,而婚外情与性则扮演着一些次要或者补充性的角色。
参考资料:
[1]Cherkas L F, Oelsner E C, Mak Y T, et al. Genetic influences on female infidelity and number of sexual partners in humans: a linkage and association study of the role of the vasopressin receptor gene (AVPR1A)[J]. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 2004, 7(6): 649-658.
[2]Walum H, Westberg L, Henningsson S, et al. Genetic variation in the vasopressin receptor 1a gene (AVPR1A) associates with pair-bonding behavior in humans[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2008, 105(37): 14153-14156.
[3]Garcia J R, MacKillop J, Aller E L, et al. Associations between dopamine D4 receptor gene variation with both infidelity and sexual promiscuity[J]. PLoS One, 2010, 5(11): e14162.
[4]Ptáček R, Kuželová H, Stefano G B. Dopamine D4 receptor gene DRD4 and its association with psychiatric disorders[J]. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2011, 17(9): RA215.
[5]Zietsch B P, Westberg L, Santtila P, et al. Genetic analysis of human extrapair mating: heritability, between-sex correlation, and receptor genes for vasopressin and oxytocin[J]. Evolution and Human Behavior, 2015, 36(2): 130-136.
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