GR | 在生物多样性受控实验中去除从属物种以模拟野外观测研究

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Table 1. Ranking of plant species according to their removal probability p in the treatment triangles

Note:p corresponds to the fraction of plots in which a particular species occurred and in which it was removed because it belonged to the 50% of species with the lowest biomass in the plot. For nomenclature see Jäger & Werner (2002).

Figure 1：Average aboveground biomass of species as a function of dominance rank for communities of different species-richness levels: left column grouped according to preremoval richness, that is, comparing removal with control communities from which they were derived (from top-down 16, 8, 4, and 2 species), right column grouped according to postremoval richness, that is, comparing removal with control communities of the same richness (from top-down 8, 4, and 2 species). Blue circles and lines are for control communities, red circles and lines are for removal communities, and vertical black lines indicate ±1 standard error of means. D stands for dominant species that had not been removed and S for subordinate species that had been removed in removal communities. Note that “dominant” is used in a relative sense for species ranking in the first half of the “dominance” hierarchy; obviously, there is still a large variation among dominants with regard to biomass.

Table 2. Analyses of variance for aboveground community biomass production, after the removal treatment, using (a) preremoval and (b) postremoval species richness as explanatory variables; (c) analysis of variance for evenness of aboveground biomass distribution among species, after the removal treatment, using postremoval species richness as an explanatory variable

Note: Treatment refers to species removal versus control. Block and species richness were tested against between-plot variation (plot), while treatment and the interaction were tested against within-plot variation (residual). Significant p values (p < 0.05) in boldface.

Abbreviations: Df, degrees of freedom; MS, mean squares.

Figure 2：Aboveground biomass (a) and evenness (b) of control and removal communities as a function of postremoval species richness. Blue crosses and blue regression lines are for control communities, red circles and red regression lines are for removal communities. For significances see Table 1. For evenness, monocultures are excluded because of undefined values.

Table 3. Analyses of variance for (a) net, (b) complementarity, and (c) selection effects, after the removal treatment, using postremoval species richness as an explanatory variable

Note: Block and species richness were tested against between-plot variation (plot), while treatment and the interaction were tested against within-plot variation (residual). Significant p values (p < 0.05) in boldface.

Abbreviations: Df, degrees of freedom; MS, mean squares.

Figure 3：Net biodiversity effect (NE, a), complementarity effect (CE, b), and selection effect (SE, c) for control and removal communities as a function of postremoval species richness. Blue crosses and blue regression lines are for control communities, and red circles and regression lines are for removal communities. For significances see Table 2. Monocultures are excluded because of undefined values.

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